Reasons for Nora Helmer to Stay in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s...

In A Doll House Ibsen made a very controversial act, by having Nora leave her husband and her family. After first reading the play I thought that what Nora did was the right thing to do. But after thinking about I now realize that wasnt the right thing to do. Yes, Torvald was not the best husband in the world, but Nora should have considered that before she married him. To turn your back on your spouse is one thing, but to turn your back on your children is another. Nora was around in an era were women were looked down upon, not considered equal to men, so it would be hard for her to find a job. If Nora were to leave her Torvald she would have no were to go. Nora was a doll all of her life, first to her father then to Torvald,†¦show more content†¦Girls need a women figure to talk to about female things. Not only that but if Nora left and then later on down the road decided to enter back into the childrens lives, they might have resentment towards her. Another reason why Nora shouldnt leave her children is because Torvald may one day decide to remarry. She needs to be more to her children than an empty figurehead.(Thomas cyberessay.com) The childrens new mother might try to take the place of Nora. If she were to succeed, the children might not remember Nora. But on the other hand maybe she wouldnt succeed in taking Noras place, and that would be very hard on the children as well. Nora was around at a time when women werent considered equal to men, so it would be hard for her to get a job, if she could find one at all. The mere fact that Noras well-intentioned action is considered illegal reflects womans subordinate posit ion in society. It can be suggested that woman have power to choose which rules to follow at home, but not in the business world, thus indicating her subordinateness.(Thomas, cyberessays.com) If Nora were to look for a job she would probably hear a sexist remark like, shouldnt you be at home raising the children. Ibsen saw womens proper role as motherhood, and motherhood only.(Frank Magil, 1572) It is hard enough in the new millennium for a women to get a good job to support herself, let alone in 1879, when this story tookShow MoreRelatedWomens Role in Society Analyzed and Debated in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House918 Words   |  4 PagesFor various reasons, the role of women in society has been analyzed and frequently debated throughout history. Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House is no exception to the rule. In Norway, and during the Victorian period in history, women’s responsibilities were simply to keep house or do small jobs on the side such as sewing or light secretarial work. 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Socially, marriage and motherhood where no longer just emotional fulfillment for a woman; they had now become a responsibility and a full-time job that hardly allowed for leisure or external work. Since a woman’s life was centered on domesticity she had even fewer political rights outside the house than she did inside. A woman was not to vote, she couldRead More Reasons Nora Helmer Must Leave Her Husband in Henrik Ibsens A Doll House1720 Words   |  7 PagesReasons Nora Helmer Must Leave Her Husband in Henrik Ibsens A Doll House Foreward: Henrik Ibsens A Doll House (aka A Dolls House) is so rich in moral, political, and metaphysical (if one is to regard such matters as selfhood and identity as metaphysical) insights and criticisms that it is hard to imagine how one could absorb it all in one sitting. Its moral message was very bold in its day and remains so in the more slowly progressing parts of the world, like North America. 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Essay on BSBWOR501B Assessment 1 - 2301 Words

Assessment 1:: Theory Ques Instructions for submitting your answers: Step 1: Type your answers underneath each of the questions below and save the document. Step 2: Upload your responses using the following link: http://www.learningspot.com.au/mod/assignment/view.php?id=2088 Questions Q1: In order to enhance your personal knowledge and working relationships, you decide to join some professional organisations. List 3 sources of how you would find details of professional organisations? Answer: 1 Research internet 2 Contact the HR division of your company 3 Contact your union Tutor Use Only Successful☠ Unsuccessful☠ Date: Click here to enter a date. Tutor Feedback: Click here to enter text. Q2: List 3 professional†¦show more content†¦Tutor Feedback: Click here to enter text. Q5: Define (in 1 or 2 sentences) 5 strategies you can put into place to measure and maintain the personal performance of your staff and yourself in order to meet the operational needs of your company? Answer: 1 Setting targets in line with experience – KPI’s are set to measure our performance, this is a gauge as to what you are good at. A report of KPI’s (broken down) can show what your strengths and weaknesses are – it will show if you are not meeting the same target on a monthly basis and in turn will lead to identifying the skill in question and additional training in this one particular skill can be set. 2 Conducting performance reviews – your knowledge and skill levels are assessed in accordance with the organisations standards, this in turn leads to identifying areas that need further development and a plan can be structured to meet these needs. 3 Observation – as a manager, you need to watch your employees from a client point of view. Have they been polite, asked the right questions and really listened to their answers to identify their needs, updated their details on file, closed the sale, thanked them for their time and invited them back. By having a check list of what your organisation requires from their employees, you can acknowledge what they are doing well and what needs work. 4 Obtaining feedback – Listening to your colleagues and acknowledging them positively while

Performance Measurement Essay Sample free essay sample

Abstraction Performance measuring day of the months back many old ages and its coming accrue from the economic displacement from industrial age to knowledge based economic system. ( Sampson. 1992 ) . While the industrial ages depended on fiscal steps and supply concatenation production the cognition based economic system suffered because of deficiency of concern intelligence and hapless executing techniques and deficiency of steps to estimate impact of non fiscal constituents. ( Sunden A ; Stralton. 2006. Chrystal A ; Lipsey. 1997 ) . There are several theoretical accounts that have been used by direction to mensurate the public presentation of their direction of both touchable and intangible assets for case the balanced scorecard and prism theoretical accounts of mensurating public presentation. This leads to the most logical inquiry why step public presentation? Well the intent of enganging in public presentation measuring is to supply feedback to direction every bit good as employees in the schemes employed and the work they are making. ( Smith. 2005 ) . This helps the direction to easy place countries of failing and better where possible. It besides helps direction to aline employee undertakings with schemes so that the aims of the organisation are met. Back to the issue at manus. this paper sets out to compare and contrast two public presentation measuring tools. that is. the prism theoretical account and the balanced scorecards in a command to happen major commonalties every bit good as differences. In add-on. the critical facets of a good public presentation measuring system shall besides be explored. This paper besides highlights definitions. of important footings. and issues. statements and grounds of the issues explored throughout the paper and eventually offers personal sentiment to the issues in inquiry. Introduction. First and foremost a clear definition of the two public presentation measuring systems is in order if for no other ground than to acquire a clear image of where we are coming from. The two public presentation measuring systems are supposedly alone and yet both tend to hold a comprehensive position on what constitutes good public presentation. Possibly. a expression at each of the public presentation measuring will assist in make fulling in the inquiry of the similarities and differences of between the two. In order to understand clearly what a balanced scorecard is it is worthwhile to get down with what it is non. Balanced scorecard is non the new direction craze. it is non a signifier of undertaking direction or employee rating system. and it is non a tool or a soft ware and is it neither a control system nor process betterment systems. ( Meyer. 2002 ) . A balanced scorecard is a strategic direction attack that was developed by Harvard concern school bookmans Dr Robert Kaplan and David Norton in the 1990s. This was in response to the noteworthy failings that were built-in in old direction systems. The balanced scorecard provided a manner of clearly mensurating public presentation so as to equilibrate the fiscal positions with the organisation ends and vision. ( Kaplan A ; Norton. 2001. Lipe A ; Salterio. 2000 ) Notably. a balanced scorecard doubles as a direction system and as a measuring system. It basically helps the direction to hold a clear vision for the organisation. strategize and finally interpret that vision and schemes into actions. ( Smith. 2005 ) . This helps to give comprehensive feedback on both the internal and external procedures and results as that uninterrupted betterments and public presentation are realized as a consequence. ( Neely. 2002 ) . A balanced scorecard does non work entirely ; instead it depends on th e committedness and cooperation of undertaking directors for its success to be realized. ( Artley A ; Stroh. 2001 ) . This means binding public presentation to scheme or actions to results. That said. what is a prism theoretical account? A prism theoretical account is a public presentation measuring system that comprises of five important aspects. These aspects represent the cardinal facets in the organisation that need to invariably be monitored to find the public presentation of the company. ( Fagerhaug A ; Andersen. 2002 ) . The top and bottom aspects of the prism represent stakeholder’s relation with the company while the bottom represents stakeholders’ part to the company. The staying side aspects represent schemes procedures and capablenesss of the company. The prism theoretical accounts of public presentation plants in more or less the same manner as the balanced scorecard in that they facilitate direction acquire a clear image of who their stakeholders are and what they need from the company. ( Artley A ; Stroh. 2001 ) . This lays basis to developing schemes that will present what the stakeholders want and the procedures required to back up schem es that deliver stakeholders demands. Additionally. a prism theoretical account highlights the company’s capablenesss and specifically the capablenesss needed to prosecute and put to death the procedures and schemes in the satisfaction of stakeholder. These public presentations steps facilitate the organisations to be successful in the long term particularly in today’s competitory concern environment where lucidity of what the company has and outlooks of stakeholders are critical to guaranting endurance of the organisation. ( Smith. 2005 ) . The prism theoretical account besides places a company in a manner that it has a clear apprehension of what it expects from the stakeholders for case. employee trueness. long term investing from stockholders profitableness and so on ( Sunden A ; Stralton. 2006 ) . In existent fact this is what constitutes the focussed thrust for good public presentation. Differences and Similarities As pointed out earlier. the public presentation prism theoretical account is five faceted and it starts with the stakeholders instead than the schemes. On the other manus the balance scorecard starts with the schemes so the stockholders follow at the vertex. The principle behind get downing with the stakeholders in the public presentation prism is that a public presentation steps is non meant to track whether the path an organisation is traveling to take will take it to their finish. A public presentation step is indispensable used to state the organisation whether or non it is traveling in the way of its finish. The public presentation prism takes note of that by ranking the stakeholders’ satisfaction and part extremely. The rule stakeholders here include the providers. clients and investors to the company. employees. mediators. jurisprudence and the external community. By sing what the stakeholder’s demands and wants are every bit good as what the company’s out looks and demands desired to be derived from the stakeholders are. so a scheme to complement or run into them is designed. The balance scorecard and the public presentation prism theoretical account provides a Windowss to imagine future public presentation which facilitate the organisation to realine its assets and construct new schemes to accomplish interruption through public presentation ( Kallas A ; Sauaia. 2003 ) . The prism theoretical account ranks its five positions in order of precedence as the stakeholders’ satisfaction and part. schemes. procedures and capablenesss severally. The balanced scorecard views the organisation in a different positions viz. the client. fiscal concern procedure and larning growing position ( Dilla A ; Steinbart. 2005 ) . The major inquiries that guide the user of a prism theoretical account of public presentation measuring are who are the cardinal stakeholders. what are their demands and wants. what schemes are needed in topographic point to run into these demands and wants? What processes are needed or should be improved to ease executing of the schemes? What nucleus competences should we run to heighten procedure and what parts from stakeholders are indispensable in helping the company to keep and develop capablenesss? Notably the public presentation prism theoretical account is non one that is a ‘one size tantrums all’ theoretical account and it accords the users flexibleness to orient the theoretical account to suit organisational demands establishing from the five rule dimensions. i. e. hereafter. people development. procedure. market/customer and fiscal. The prism theoretical account tackles the defect of the balanced scorecard by turn toing the stakeholder value instead than the stockholder value entirely. On the other manus a balanced scorecard focuses on usage of scheme maps to find good public presentation. The balance scorecard is more interested in the cause-effect relationship between the positions of public presentation step and the strategic aims. Kaplan A ; Norton. 2001 ) . Additionally. the balanced scorecard is built on the premiss that bringing high quality value leads to fiscal public presentation. ( Pray et al. 2003 ) . In order for this to go on. the balance scorec ard proposes designation of internal procedures that need to stand out. Another difference between balanced scorecard and the public presentation prism is that the balanced mark card underpins the value of intangible assets in lending to procedure and costumier propositions ( Smith. 2005 ) . This intangible assets include the cognition accomplishments and competences of the employees in the organisation. information capital and organisation civilization. ( Smith. 2005 ) One major similarity between the balanced scorecard and the public presentation prism is that they both have similar attack in stressing analysis of non-financial steps of public presentation. Both the public presentation prism and the balance scorecard place the importance of the human resource in part to the success of the organisation. Generic critical facets of good public presentation measuring system A good public presentation measuring system is across-the-board and comprehensive. This means that the major constituents of public presentation step should be included in the designing for case. it should hold a elaborate analysis of the stakeholders’ needs. the cardinal procedures. capablenesss. results. senior direction engagement. A good public presentation measuring system is clear on what it wants to mensurate and where it intends to travel. It may sound cliche the organisation must cognize where it is traveling and therefore the public presentation measuring system must be as such. If this is non clear so the balanced scorecard or the prism theoretical account makes no sense to the administrations. ( Fagerhaug A ; Andersen. 2002 ) More to that. a good public presentation measuring system must be straight linked to the organisation scheme so that the two act as benchmarks to estimate public presentation. It must be whole in the sense that all the variables that communicate ‘good performance’ must be included in the theoretical account. A good public presentation measuring system has both fiscal steps incorporated in it although chiefly. a non-financial step is the most dominant facets in the public presentation measuring theoretical accounts. ( Kirkegaad. 1997 ) . Additionally. it is flexible and able to alter with clip as demands and demands alteration. This is because a inactive public presentation measurings system is likely to be rendered disused within a short clip. Furthermore. it should be simple and easy to utilize so that about all stakeholders can utilize it to mensurate single public presentation. It will besides let for customization depending on the assorted organisation divisions and maps every bit good as demands. A good public presentation measuring system must supply feedback to the user and this means timely and accurate feedback. In a universe where velocity is of the kernel. lagging steps are of small or no usage to the organisation. Besides. truth is of import non necessary in absolute footings but in footings of consistence. This is because betterment in public presentation extremely depends on this. A good public presentation measuring system is developed for the intent of bettering public presentation in all important countries and non simply to supervise public presentation. Thus it should be actively used and referred to clip and once more to happen countries of betterment. ( Zairi. 1994 ) Furthermore and most significantly. a good public presentation measuring system identifies spreads between the coveted and existent results and explains the spreads in a clear manner and goes in front to interrupt it down to little constituents that can be addressed to contract the spread. A good public presentation measuring system is sufficiently detailed in footings of supplying high-ranking information on countries justifying betterment and the actions to be taken in a concise overview. On top of that a good public presentation measuring system should non transfuse fright of penalty in the stakeholders for hapless public presentation. This means that the informations therein should non be sabotaged or distorted to justify such a thing. Besides. a good public presentation measuring system enables answerability and enhances taking duty for both good and bad public presentation. ( Fagerhaug A ; Andersen. 2002 ) . This means that members in the organisation take state of affairss in their manus accept incrimination and do stairss to rectifying the job. These critical facets of public presentation step act as mention list and non a manner of frightening organisations to believing twice or thrice on whether to follow the system. Decision Any successful organisation starts with good public presentation steps and non the frailty versa. By and big. the balanced scorecard and the public presentation prism theoretical accounts are all direction system that enables organisations to clear up their visions and schemes and interpret them into actions. A company should non shy away from uniting the public presentation measuring systems with other fiscal measuring tools such as EVA. SVA. EFQM. IAM and Business excellence theoretical account as they can be safely used analogue. ( Hatry. 1999 ) . The success of the public presentation measuring theoretical accounts lies in how good a company intergrates the theoretical accounts with the day-to-day operations of the organisation and particularly with the human resource undertakings. Additionally. the support of the top-level direction every bit good as the organisation staff facilitates the effectivity of the public presentation direction systems. Last. the organisation should avo id the enticement or copying the systems used by other companies instead should put in developing one that meets the company objectives efficaciously. Last. and more significantly the PMS should be revised invariably to non be disused. Bibliography Artley. W. A ; Stroh. S. ( 2001 ) .The public presentation based direction enchiridion: Establishing an Integrated Performance Measurement System. Retrieved on October 26. 2007 from World Wide Web: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. orau. gov/pbm/pbmhandbook/Volume % 202. pdf Chrystal. K. A. . A ; Lipsey. R. G. ( 1997 ) .Economicss for Business and Management. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved November 10. 2007. from Questia database: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o A ; d=74383748 Fagerhaug. T. A ; Andersen. B. ( 2002 ) .Performance Measurement Explained: Design and Implementing Your State-of-the-art system. American Society for Quality Hatry. H. P. ( 1999 ) . Performance Measurement: Getting Consequences. ISBN 087766692X. Urban Institute Press. Kaplan. R. S. A ; Norton D. P. ( 2001 ) .The Strategy-Focused Organization: How Balanced Scorecard Companies Thrive in the new concern environment. Harvard Business School Press. Kallas. D. A ; Sauaia. A. ( 2003 ) â€Å"Cooperate For Net incomes Or Compete For Market? Study of Oligopolistic Pricing with a Business Game. †Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning. Baltimore. V. 30. P. 232-242. Kirkegaad. H. ( 1997 ) .Bettering Accounting Dependability: Solvency. Insolvency And Future Cash Flows.Westport. ct. quorum books publishing houses. Lipe. M. G. A ; Salterio. S. ( 2000 ) . The Balanced Scorecard: Judgmental Effectss of Common and Unique Performance Measures.The Accounting Review. 75. 3. p. 283-298 Meyer. M. W. ( 2002 ) .Rethinking Performance Measurement: Beyond the Balanced Scorecard. Cambridge. England: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved November 10. 2007. from Questia database: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o A ; d=106443226 Neely. A. ( Ed. ) . ( 2002) . Business Performance Measurement: Theory and Practice.Cambridge. England: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved November 10. 2007. from Questia database: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o A ; d=105052901 Pray. T. F et Al. ( 2003 ) .Using the Balanced Scorecard To Better Strategic Planning And Effective Decision Making Within Simulations.Developments In Business Simulation and Experiential Learning. Sage publications. 30. Sampson. K. L. ( 1992 ) .Value-Added Records Management: Protecting Corporate Asset and Reducing Business Risks. New York: Quorum Books. Retrieved November 10. 2007. from Questia database: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o A ; d=6856906 Sauaia. A. ( 2001 ) â€Å"Evaluation Of Performance In Business Games: Financial and Non Financial Approaches. †Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning. San Diego. vol. 27. 210-4. Smith. M. ( 2005 ) .Performance Measurement and Management: A Strategic Approach to Management accounting. ISBN 0412574004. Sage Publications Inc Sunden. J. A ; Stralton ( 2006 ) .Introduction To Management Accounting. London. Prentice hall. Zairi. M. ( 1994 ) .Measuring Performance for Business Results. ISBN 0412574004. Springer.

Philip Glass Biography free essay sample

A thorough and in depth examination of the life, works and musical theories of composer Philip Glass. Philip Glass is the worlds finest identified living serious composer owing to vast amounts of American recording contracts. This paper pays tribute to his greatness by detailing his life and works. The paper begins with a biography of his early life, his studies and his achievements. It then explores Glass works and style focusing on a technique named minimalism. The minimalistic era was divided into three periods early, middle and later. These periods are discussed for the impact on other composers and music genres. Finally the paper presents an excerpt on a self-criticism by Glass about his work and style. Philip Glass is certainly the worlds finest identified living serious composer owing to vast amounts of American recording contracts. He has a readily exclusive, if ever controversial, style that is both imitated and parodied the world over. We will write a custom essay sample on Philip Glass Biography or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He is familiar to pop audiences, crossover audiences, new music audiences, opera audiences and increasingly to chamber music audiences and symphony goers. He is in regular performance around the world performing with his ensemble; an output that generates around sixty concerts a year. Although he has written a fair amount of concert music, Glass has arguably won the most recognition for his work in dance, film, music theater and opera.

Free Essays on Conflict In Work Teams

Conflict in Work Teams Teams are typically made up of a diverse group of individuals; each member possessing different capabilities and skills. This element is what makes the use of teams so advantageous; however, diversity can also create conflict. There fore, it is important for teams to understand the dynamics of conflict and to regulate its natural flow. The following looks at conflict in teams and skills for managing team conflict, while generating team growth, development and an increased quality of decision-making. (Rayeski & Bryant, 1994) Contrary to the common belief that conflict is limited to a disruptive effect, a number of researchers, (for example, Mc Daniel, Littlejohn Sessa, 1996), acknowledge the substantial benefits of conflict to team processes. Conflict is a driving force of change (McDaniel 1998). When managed correctly, conflict produces the following results: new ideas for changing organizational processes, solving of continuous problems, a chance for workers to expand their capabilities, and the introduction of creativity into thoughts about organizational problems (Bowditch & Buono, 2001). Unfortunately, these positive outcomes are frequently unattainable due to uneducated, reactionary efforts to eliminate the source of conflict (Sessa, 1996). The consequences of poorly handled team conflict such as this are a lowering of team energy, disruption of healthy relationships, and the prevention of job accomplishment. Additionally, there is an avoidance of the disputed subject and the creation of an environment of fear. (Rayeski the end result is a building up of resentment between team members that deteriorates the team’s performance level. (Wisinski, 2003) The key issue in dealing with team conflict is for the team to realize that the focus is not on conflict itself, but how it is managed. The idea... Free Essays on Conflict In Work Teams Free Essays on Conflict In Work Teams Conflict in Work Teams Teams are typically made up of a diverse group of individuals; each member possessing different capabilities and skills. This element is what makes the use of teams so advantageous; however, diversity can also create conflict. There fore, it is important for teams to understand the dynamics of conflict and to regulate its natural flow. The following looks at conflict in teams and skills for managing team conflict, while generating team growth, development and an increased quality of decision-making. (Rayeski & Bryant, 1994) Contrary to the common belief that conflict is limited to a disruptive effect, a number of researchers, (for example, Mc Daniel, Littlejohn Sessa, 1996), acknowledge the substantial benefits of conflict to team processes. Conflict is a driving force of change (McDaniel 1998). When managed correctly, conflict produces the following results: new ideas for changing organizational processes, solving of continuous problems, a chance for workers to expand their capabilities, and the introduction of creativity into thoughts about organizational problems (Bowditch & Buono, 2001). Unfortunately, these positive outcomes are frequently unattainable due to uneducated, reactionary efforts to eliminate the source of conflict (Sessa, 1996). The consequences of poorly handled team conflict such as this are a lowering of team energy, disruption of healthy relationships, and the prevention of job accomplishment. Additionally, there is an avoidance of the disputed subject and the creation of an environment of fear. (Rayeski the end result is a building up of resentment between team members that deteriorates the team’s performance level. (Wisinski, 2003) The key issue in dealing with team conflict is for the team to realize that the focus is not on conflict itself, but how it is managed. The idea...

Social Media Image Sizes The Best Guide Every Marketer Needs

Social Media Image Sizes The Best Guide Every Marketer Needs Social media image sizes change from time to time. If you’re not constantly paying attention, you might inadvertently ask a designer to create an image that doesn’t use proper dimensions. That leads to posts that look, well, weird. Plus, with multiple post and content formats on several different networks, keeping tracking of everything in your head can quickly become impossible. Fear weird posts no more. With this complete and updated bookmarkable resource, you can easily find the best dimensions for every post and visual element you need on each major social channel. In addition, this post will also explore: The best tools for creating social media visual content. Even if you don’t have access to a designer, you can still create great graphics. Max file sizes for video content. Along with static images, video is only getting more important on social media. Examples of what different types of social posts and images look like. Don’t worry if there are any profile elements or post image types you haven’t heard of. You’re about to be an expert. Tip: Did you know is the best all-in-one marketing management platform for social media and all other projects and campaigns? See what it can do for your social media marketing. The Best Social Media Image Sizes Guide For Marketers via @Download 100+ Free Images You Can Use on Social Media You’re busy, stock photography is expensive, and you want high-quality social media images. Here’s 100+ royalty-free photos and images you can use to create your own posts (along with a free Photoshop CC action to make resizing them easy). Plus, an included social media calendar template will make it easy to plan every post before you publish.Table of Contents: Facebook Image Sizes Twitter Image Sizes Instagram Image Sizes LinkedIn Image Sizes Pinterest Image Sizes Google+ Image Sizes Tumblr Image Sizes YouTube Image Sizes TL;DR: The Complete List of Social Media Image Sizes Just looking for some quick answers? No worries. Here’s the full list of dimensions this post will cover (all dimensions listed by pixels): Facebook Profile Photo: 180 x 180 Profile Photo Thumbnail (Across Facebook): 32 x 32 Cover Photo: 820 x 312 Newsfeed Post: 1,200 x 630 Milestone: 1,200 x 717 Shared Link: 1,200 x 627 Shared Images: 1,200 x 630 Highlighted Images: 1,200 x 717 Event Image: 1920 x 1080 Instagram Profile Image: 110 x 110 Page Thumbnails: 161 x 161 Image Posts: 1080 x 1080 Stories: 1080 x 1920 Pinterest Profile Image: 165 x 165 Pins: 236 px. Expanded Pins: 600 px. Board Display: 222 x 150 Twitter Profile Image: 400 x 400 Twitter Header Image: 1,500 x 500 (3,000 x 1,000 may display better) Background Image: 1,920 x 1,200 In-stream Tweet Photo: 440 x 220 (minimum) GIFs: 1280 x 1080 (recommended) LinkedIn Company Logo: 300 x 300 Cover Image: 1536 x 768 Overview Tab: 1536 x 768 Hero Image: 1128 x 376 Custom Modules: 502 x 282 Company Photos: 900 x 600 Google+ Profile Image: 250x250 Cover: 1,080x608 Maximum Image Size: 2120x1192 Tumblr Profile Image: 128x128 Posts: 500x700 Image Size Limit: 1280x1920Here's the entire list of the most important social media image sizes every marketer needs to know:The Full List of Supported Image File Types and Sizes (By Network) In addition to understanding the best dimensions for social media images pixel-wise, it’s also important to know which file types are supported, and how large they can be. Follow this easy chart: Facebook Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, and GIF. Maximum Dimensions: 2048 by 2048 pixels. File Sizes: Less than 100 KB is recommended for cover photos. No apparent limit on news feed posts. Instagram Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG. Maximum Dimensions: 2048 by 2048 pixels. Twitter Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF, WEBP. File Sizes: 5 MB or less for static images. 15 MB or less for GIFs. Number of Frames (GIF): 350 or less. Pinterest Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF. File Size: No apparent limit. LinkedIn Supported File Types for SlideShare: PDF, ODP, PPT, DOC, RTF, ODT, TXT. SlideShare File Size Limit: 300MB. Supported Image File Types on LinkedIn: JPG, PNG, GIF (static). Image File Size Limit for Pulse Articles: 10MB. Logo: 4MB. Banner / Hero Image: 2MB. Google Plus Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF. Tumblr Supported Image File Types: JPG, PNG, GIF. Must be RGB (not CMYK). Static Image File Limit: 20MB for static images. GIF File Limit: 3MB. YouTube Channel Profile Images: JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF.Curious which file types are supported on each social network? Bookmark this post:The Complete Visual Guide to Social Media Image Sizes Here are all the most important sizes and dimensions you need to know, presented in one infographic: Why Does Any of This Matter? That’s a fair question that can be answered in two parts: Using sub-optimal image sizes looks bad. You put too much work into social media marketing to get sloppy. Not knowing acceptable file types and sizes can lead to frustration. Not to mention time wasted trying to get files down to size. Time saved equals greater opportunity for more productivity. Facebook Image Sizes Facebook has been embattled in a number of recent controversies. It has also been getting harder to generate organic reach on the platform over the past few years. But, with 2.19 billion active users, it’d be foolhardy for any company to ignore it. Make sure you’re representing your brand well by following these image guidelines. Here are the ideal image dimensions for Facebook via @Profile Photo Dimensions: 180 by 180 Pixels In most cases, the best option for a business page profile photo is your logo. If you’re a solo consultant, you might also consider a headshot. But, like we said, logos are always a good idea. Facebook Cover Photo Size: 820 by 312 Pixels Your cover photo offers lots of visual real estate to communicate what your brand is all about. For example, the cover image clearly displays the company’s mission: Rather than a static image, you might opt for a cover video, like this example from Red Bull: Posted by Red Bull on Thursday, May 3, 2018 Shared Images: 1,200 by 630 Pixels (Appears 470 Pixels Wide) When an image is shared, it appears in the user’s followers news feeds. It’s recommended that they be uploaded at 1,200x630 px, although they’ll appear smaller in news feeds. This is likely to ensure they look sharp and maintain quality resolution. The height of these images may vary. Milestone Images: 1,200 x 717 Pixels Milestones are an effective yet underappreciated aspect of Facebook business pages. For brands with rich history, they’re a great way to show off how far your company has come, and what you’ve accomplished. Here's an example from Ford Motor Company: Event Images: 1920 by 1080 Pixels Facebook events remain powerful for attracting audiences. While they appear smaller in news feeds and on actual event pages, they expand considerably when clicked (where captions can also provide more context). Here’s an example: Instagram Image Sizes Instagram is all about strong visual content. And, as of September 2017, it had 800 million active users. That’s a potentially enormous audience that might see your posts. So, make sure every post looks its best by following these image guidelines. Here are the ideal image dimensions for all things Instagram via @Profile Photo: 110 by 110 Pixels Again, similar to Facebook, it’s recommended to use your logo. No need to get too creative here. What could be more iconic than this example from Nike? Profile Thumbnails: 161 by 161 Pixels These are thumbnails for each post that appear on profiles. For context, here’s what these look like on Red Bull’s Instagram page: In-Feed Photos: 1080 by 1080 Pixels So, what about actual Instagram posts? They appear as 1080 by 1080 squares. Here’s an example from Mod Cloth: Summer of rainbows ðŸÅ'ˆ // Find our Come Colorfully Denim Shorts via link in bio â  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬ â  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬Ã¢  â‚¬ #modcloth #ootd #springstyle #rainbow #rainbowlove #rainbowlife #springfashion #thatsdarling #flashesofdelight A post shared by ModCloth (@modcloth) on May 16, 2018 at 9:12am PDT Instagram Stories: 1920 x 1080 Instagram Stories appear taller than standard posts. Here’s an example from Vans: Twitter Image Sizes By the end of the first quarter of 2018, Twitter had 318 million monthly active users. That may not be as many as Facebook or Instagram, but it’s nothing to overlook, either. Here’s how to help make sure your Twitter presence looks its best. Curious which image dimensions are best for all things Twitter? Get the 411 here from @Twitter Profile Photos: 400 by 400 Pixels You probably know what’s coming next: for brands, logos are the way to go. Some exceptions might be logos for specific campaigns or events you’re promoting. Here’s a simple example from Casper, a brand that’s mastered their Twitter copy (seriously, check them out if you haven’t before): Ideal Twitter Header Size: 1,500 by 500 Pixels Twitter headers are particularly wide. Striking photography and branding are key to make yours stand out, rather than be overlooked. They also offer plenty of room to promote new features or products. Here’s an example from Stitcher: In-feed Post Images: 440 by 220 Pixels (Minimum), So, once your tweets are out in the open, what’s the best image size? As long as they’re 440 by 220 pixels, they should look okay (larger photos will scale down). LinkedIn Image Sizes For professionals, LinkedIn is an invaluable networking and development tool. While it’s sometimes overlooked, it reached 500 million users in April 2017. That’s certainly nothing to sneeze at, and here’s how to make sure you’re making the best impression possible. What are the best image sizes for everything on LinkedIn? Get the answers from @hereCompany Logo: 300 by 300 Pixels No surprise here. Getting your logo out there is important, and it’s what people expect to see. Cover Image: 1,536 by 768 Pixels Similar to Twitter, cover images on LinkedIn fit the full width of the screen. However, they may be partially obscured by ads: Overview Tab: 320 by 120 Pixels Here’s where you’ll find the Overview tab on company pages: Life Tab Hero Image: 1,128 by 376 Pixels This appears on a tab on the right side of your company page: Here’s how it appears when clicked: Career Page Custom Modules: 502 by 282 Pixels Custom modules allow brands to add more copy and images to their company page. Here’s what those look like: Pinterest Image Sizes Pinterest isn’t just for sharing photos of dream projects and hobby ideas. With 200 million monthly active users, there’s a large audience out there for companies to reach. Plus, since its often used as a platform for gathering ideas for projects and interests, there’s opportunity to directly sell those products to customers that are actively in a research and shopping mindset. What size should images be on Pinterest? Get the answers from @herePinterest Profile Photo Size: 165 x 165 Pixels Logo it up! Board Covers: 222x150 Pixels These are images that appear when visitors scroll through your boards. Rather than leaving them to default options, you can actually specify a board cover that conveys what that board is all about. In this example, the board on the right doesn’t use a board cover, and looks a bit cluttered. The one on the right does use one (the larger left-aligned guitar image), though, which helps create a cleaner, more uniform appearance across your boards. Main Page Pins: 236 Pixels Standard pins will appear at 236 pixels. That isn’t too big, so make sure your Pins are clear enough that people will still be able to recognize what they are at that size: However, according to Canva, the optimal upload size is 735 by 1,102 pixels (with the understanding they’ll be scaled down on your board). Expanded Pins: 600 Pixels (Minimum) When a Pin is clicked to expand, it will appear at a minimum of 600 pixels wide: Google+ Image Sizes Google+ is considered by many to be a social media ghost town. However, there are some organizations who still get use from the platform, particularly those who uses its Communities. If you’re still getting results from Google’s social platform, make the most of your visuals. What are the ideal image sizes for Google+? Find out via @hereGoogle+ Profile Picture: 250 by 250 Pixels And, once again, it’s a good idea to make this your logo for branding and recognition purposes. Google+ Cover Photo: 1,080 by 608 Pixels Those may sound like oddly specific dimensions, but if Google+ has something going for it here, it’s that the cover photo offers a lot of space to show off some creativity. Tumblr Image Sizes Tumblr is a social blogging and image sharing site that’s tough to pin down. Since there are tons of different themes available, content might display differently depending on your account is configured. While somewhat overlooked by brands, it has 794 million active users per month, placing it just slightly behind Instagram. Tumblr Profile Photo: 128 by 128 Pixels (Minimum) Your logo is once again a solid choice here, but keep in mind that beyond your home page, there aren’t many places on Tumblr where it will appear. Here’s a simple example from Denny’s: Image Posts: 500 by 750 Pixels This is the width image posts will appear in user’s dashboards. YouTube Image Sizes YouTube is, of course, a video platform. But, profiles do need some static images, too.

Advanced financial reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Advanced financial reporting - Essay Example Also, it includes comprehensive description of disclosures that ought to be given in an annual report that gives a transparent, true and fair picture of company’s performance to existing and potential investors. After this follows second question which focuses on comparison between voluntary and mandatory guidelines in respect of environmental reporting. It requires detailed discussion about effectiveness of both guidelines and what advantages and disadvantages does their compliance offer for a company. The last question inquires about the current and proposed programmes to be effective in future relating to environmental compliances and regulations and how they might be helpful in ensuring better transparency and clarity of environmental reporting. Further the discussion entails about corporate measures that organizations should use to become alert and informed about regulations which are applicable in their case, about amendments therein and strategies to comply with them ad equately. Finally, the paper closes with concluding statements about how companies should be more environmentally responsible in its operations and true in provision of its facts and disclosures in annual reports for its shareholders and potential investors. ... Therefore, they take reasonable steps to mitigate harmful and adverse effects to acceptable levels. Some examples of environmental footprints include water spills, contamination, poisonous wastages and leakages, air pollution, carbon emission, greenhouse gas emission etc. Regulatory bodies and environmental authorities have been working constantly to make environmental laws and regulations stricter to protect public interests and give better picture to investors. Few mandatory guidelines have already been placed that are compulsory to be followed while other voluntary guidelines have been published for different industries to identify best benchmark practices which might be followed by entities on own motion to depict ‘greener’ reputation and public image to satisfy its members and potential investors. However, in order to ensure compliance with environmental frameworks, it is pivotal to be fully aware of all applicable regulations. Environmental risks can be mitigated t hrough establishment of Environmental Management System and allotment of a dedicated team responsible for addressing all environmental concerns. Furthermore, organizations must account for relevant environmental costs and provisions for future obligations such as dismantling, cleanup and litigation costs in its financial statements. Environmental reporting disclosures can be as comprehensive as an entity would consider adequate since only few mandatory regulations exist. Therefore, environment-friendly stance of any organization shall depend on how detailed are the disclosures provided by it in its annual report and accounts. Question 1 In view of the contents of the document provided and the materials covered in the module, does the annual report currently

CaseStudy Paper Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CaseStudy Paper - Case Study Example The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and strengths of Shouldice Hospital must be taken into account when considering expanding operations. The strengths of the hospital entails: effective capacity utilization, efficient process, customer satisfaction, and specialized care. The hospital has a very effective and efficient service process. This entails four processes; pre surgery, surgery, recovery and follow ups (Hauch, 2002). These processes are overseen by highly trained and competent medical personnel. The hospital also faces some weaknesses; for instance, narrow product line, number of locations, and age of certain key personnel. The hospital only offers one major medical service; this is herania operations. The hospital should make attempts at broadening the medical services offered; for instance performing other different operations and transplants. Majority of medical specialist at the center are elderly; therefore, the management must start recruiting young medical practiti oners, who will receive mentorship from the older staffs (Bendavid, 2005). There exists tremendous opportunities for expanding hospital operations. For instance, entering new locations, and ability of increasing medical service demand (Atul, 2002). The hospital should open additional branches in the entire North American region. There is a huge demand for hernia operation services in the United States and Mexico. Therefore, the hospital should plan on offering medical services in United States and Mexico. The threats experienced by the hospital during operations are; government involvement, staff changes and inadequate capacity. The government keeps on introducing new legislations governing the health sector. Therefore, the hospital should be up to date on legislation changes. Implementing these new changes may be expensive, due to resources involved

Ethics of hunting Essay Example for Free

Ethics of hunting Essay Is hunting ethical? As a hunter myself, growing up in a family of hunters, I never answered the question correctly. When asked the question â€Å"is hunting ethical? † I would rattle off information and statistics about wildlife population control and the environmental information gathered by hunters, but I seemed to be missing the point completely. As it was recently pointed out, it was like I was being asked what time it was, and answering the date. I wasn’t incorrect; rather, I was just answering the wrong question. Instead, I needed to look at what the actual question was; is the act of hunting ethical, and if not, what are we doing to prevent the mistreatment of animals? From a moral standpoint, anti-hunters deem hunting as barbaric. It is a reversion to one of the most primal tasks that humans had to perform. Today, however, anti-hunters believe that the act of hunting is an unnecessary evil that can be tackled much more humanely. This entire argument, however, is based off of everyone persons’ definition of the word â€Å"hunting. † To my family, and myself, the idea of hunting means that food is going to be on the dinner table. It  means that we are going to kill an animal, butcher it ourselves, and eventually eat the meat of our harvest. It is an appreciation of the wild animals; the ones placed on this Earth to roam the hills and graze the grass, rather than the ones grown in barns and factories. It means utilizing every part of that animal to our best ability, and wasting nothing. We even go as far as to donate the brain and heart of the deer to the local high school for use of dissection in science laboratories. We appreciate the animal in every way we can. It has given us everything (literally) that it has, and we will respect  this animal for a time far longer after it’s depart from Earth. My family doesn’t tree stand hunt. This is the act of climbing high into a tree with a â€Å"tree stand† and sitting up there as we wait for an animal to pass below us. This is an extremely unfair advantage in hunting, for it gives the hunter almost complete stealth. Deer are not biologically programmed to look for danger in the trees; there are no known threats to deer around buffalo that live in the trees. We think that it provides an unfair advantage to the hunters that use then. We believe that if we’re going  to take an animal’s life, we’re going to give it the ability to see us before we do, so that it has a fairer chance to run. I even prefer bow hunting to gun hunting. It’s more of a challenge, not that hunting should be a game, but rather it makes it easier for the animal to spot us and escape. If the animal gets close enough to allow me to take the shot, I justify it as a case of â€Å"survival of the fittest. † We do not antler hunt; the act of going out hunting with the intent of killing the deer with the largest antlers, only for the antlers. We eat the meat, not the antlers. I cannot speak for other hunters, but my family and myself do not find a purpose in hunting based on the points on the deer’s head. We have no preference of buck or doe; the meat is all the same to us. We enjoy eating the meat, and that is why we hunt. It is healthier for people, steroid free, and it comes from animals that have been able to live their life in the wild thus far. Hunting, to myself, is everything I just listed. The Merriam-Webster Definition is â€Å"to chase and kill (wild animals) for food or pleasure,† but I remove those last two words. Personally, I find no  enjoyment in the taking of a life. The first animal I ever hunted, a bird, I killed, and cried. I cried and I cried and I cried at what I had done. It was such a powerful feeling knowing that one moment that bird was living, and the next moment it was not, and I was the reason for that. It was such a waste for me to have done what I had; I wasn’t going to eat the bird, I had no use for it. Hunting should be for usefulness: food, clothing, necessity, but it should not be a game that toys with the lives of animals. This doesn’t mean I’m against hunting however. Obviously with everything I have listed prior I would appear to have contradicted myself. I believe that hunting is acceptable in the form of 1 / 3 usefulness. These are all ethical thoughts that anti-hunters propose to hunters. Some post pictures of Bambi the deer, hoping to lure in those who are indecisive or on the fence about the position they take on hunting. Anti-hunters will play on the ethos of those who believe that hunters kill baby animals, setting hunters up to look like immoral people. Often times I hear people ask me how I could kill ababy deer, and take it away from its mother who â€Å"loves it. † With those questions, I find myself frustrated at people’s ignorance. A hunter cannot hunt a fawn; it’s illegal to kill an animal with spots (specifically speaking, baby deer). Additionally, people are unaware of the nature that is animals. A mother deer will fight to the death for her fawns if they are faced with the dangers of a hungry coyote. However, a mother deer will eat all of the leaves off of the only bush in the forest, leaving her fawn to starve, without blinking an eye. Animals think differently; only in rare cases do wild  animals actually have human attachments to each other. Anti-hunters sometimes try to display hunters as horrible people for killing animals, but this only can bring me to the conclusion that all anti-hunters are vegetarians. If it’s truly barbaric for us to go out and hunt what we eat, then the only solution to this animal cruelty is to not eat the animals at all. It is not ethical to justify eating processed meat from animals who never see the light of day, are routinely injected with steroids, living shoulder to shoulder in crowded slaughter houses, with their  only purpose in life being to die for our meals, and say that hunting is immoral. The wild animals at least have a fighting chance; they have an ability to run, to reproduce at their will, to eat the fresh grass and drink fresh stream water. They are not cooped up in a cage or stall, living in deplorable conditions with their only purpose in life to die at our will. Although it is unfortunate that some wild animals face death earlier than others, the alternative of a slaughterhouse cannot be deemed as ethically more just. Questions that are posed towards hunters about how they are being unethical can also be turned  around to ask what anti-hunters are doing to protect these animals they feel are being morally and ethically wronged. Are they vegan? Animals and the products they produce do not come easily. Milk cows and egg chickens spend their whole lives in a barn. Unless they buy their milk and eggs from the local free-range grass fed cows and chickens down the road, they are contributing to the large mistreatment of animals of the food industry of America. Do they own nothing leather? Again, these animals are grown and harvested for the sole purpose of leather production. A lot of leather  products sold in the USA are shipped from China, where horribly graphic YouTube videos can be found showing Chinese leather workers skinning animals alive. One cannot go as far as to say that they â€Å"don’t own Uggs† so they don’t own leather. Leather is found in things like sneakers, cars, and accents on clothing, purses, and shoes. Were their houses recently built on land once inhabited by these creatures? The destruction of animal habitats leads to more animal deaths each year than hunting does. If an anti-hunter were to hit a deer with their car, destroying the front end, I’m estimating that a fair  amount of them would initially be furious with the circumstance, NOT because they killed the deer, but rather because they totaled their car. This deer, roaming throughout what used to be its natural habitat of forest and trees, is now forced to walk across streets and areas of traffic. It is inconvenient, however, when the deer walks across the street at the same time a car is driving by, and a collision occurs. I’ve gotten away from the actual topic at hand. The original question was â€Å"Is hunting ethical? †. I suppose if one feels that taking the life from something is immoral and unethical, than no, hunting is  not ethical to that person. However, I would like those who believe hunting isn’t ethical and anti- hunters alike to consider what I have just proposed to them. I would like them to take five5 minutes of their time to do some self-reflection, and question whether what they do in their everyday life is really ethical for the animals. It only seems fair that if someone is to be calling me out on being barbaric and cruel towards animals, that they themselves are doing everything in their power to ensure that the animals around them are being treated as fairly as possible. It would be a common  2 / 3 case of the pot calling the kettle black if one were to discover otherwise. In summation, the question â€Å"is hunting ethical? † will never be a black or white answer. There are many shades of grey that come with many degrees of opinions. The point that I am trying to get across to those who disagree with hunting however, is to take some time to self reflect before we are so quick to judge others. Take time to think about what each of us is personally doing for the well being and fair treatment of animals, before we quickly judge hunters as immoral people. POWERED BY TCPDF (WWW. TCPDF. ORG).

Themes in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men :: essays research papers

Of Mice and Men Essay Writing In this essay I will be discussing the novel 'Of Mice and Men' and the importance of the American dream which is a main theme in the novel. I will also be mentioning some other themes which are present such as loneliness, racism, ageism, hardship, friendship and broken dreams. The American dream states ?All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.? America is supposed to be a land built on opportunity. It promised independence, land and a decent living throughout honest work. It also meant in theory that anyone can become successful. It is a great dream for the lucky few that succeed, Throughout this novel the theme of the American dream plays a major role. The characters Lennie and George?s dream is to buy their own ranch together and be their own boss. Throughout the novel the dream is mentioned monotonously by Lennie and George and soon it becomes Candy?s dream, so it is very important throughout the novel because these characters rely on it and it is the only hope which they have left. The dream is very important because it is what some of the characters rely on and what keeps them going, just the thought that one day they may actually achieve this dream and escape the loneliness and disappointment and peril which is their lives. The dream of the ranch keeps George and Lennie going through the tough times and it infects others like Candy and Crooks yet is just a bunch of words repeated over and over again. It starts off being said rhythmically but by the end they?re spoken monotonously. When George finally accepts that dreams don?t come true, the dream becomes a burden to him. ?Tell about that place George?. Fragment (consider revising) ?Go on-tell again George!? This is a bit of a comfort story for Lennie which you tell a child. Themes in Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men :: essays research papers Of Mice and Men Essay Writing In this essay I will be discussing the novel 'Of Mice and Men' and the importance of the American dream which is a main theme in the novel. I will also be mentioning some other themes which are present such as loneliness, racism, ageism, hardship, friendship and broken dreams. The American dream states ?All men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.? America is supposed to be a land built on opportunity. It promised independence, land and a decent living throughout honest work. It also meant in theory that anyone can become successful. It is a great dream for the lucky few that succeed, Throughout this novel the theme of the American dream plays a major role. The characters Lennie and George?s dream is to buy their own ranch together and be their own boss. Throughout the novel the dream is mentioned monotonously by Lennie and George and soon it becomes Candy?s dream, so it is very important throughout the novel because these characters rely on it and it is the only hope which they have left. The dream is very important because it is what some of the characters rely on and what keeps them going, just the thought that one day they may actually achieve this dream and escape the loneliness and disappointment and peril which is their lives. The dream of the ranch keeps George and Lennie going through the tough times and it infects others like Candy and Crooks yet is just a bunch of words repeated over and over again. It starts off being said rhythmically but by the end they?re spoken monotonously. When George finally accepts that dreams don?t come true, the dream becomes a burden to him. ?Tell about that place George?. Fragment (consider revising) ?Go on-tell again George!? This is a bit of a comfort story for Lennie which you tell a child.

Ethics in Modern Marketing

Ethics in Modern Marketing Abstract: The success of every marketing company depends upon their involvement towards their customers. The modern marketing concept mainly stresses the importance of developing a good relationship by every marketing company with its customers to enhance their business and to withstand in the competition. During the last two decades, marketing professionals were increasing their awareness of customer/ client relationships; society has become much more aware of ethical issues.As competition increases, the marketers are involved in some unethical activities to compete and attract the customers. But the customers are more aware and they have more options for every product. They are giving high importance for quality rather than cost. Unethical practices will create a bad opinion over the product and the marketer and in turn it will result in vanishing of that business. Keywords: Modern marketing, customers, ethical issues, competition, customer relationship. Introduction:Marketing can be defined as an activity or process that involves â€Å"creating, communicating and providing value delivery to the clients and the relationship with them in advantage of the organization and its shareholders†. From this definition apparent role in society of those involved in marketing activities are: to be responsible for carrying out actions to persuade consumers in different markets segments, that, for a price, to benefit from products and services that meet their needs and fulfill their expectations and desires.Considering that the marketing aims at determining and influencing the purchasing behavior and that competition in modern economy is more intense and unscrupulous, an important issue that arises is that workers in marketing, as well as professional category may be tempted to behave unethical to achieve their objectives. Marketers today face big challenges as they try to make their marketing messages heard. Practitioner estimates suggest that consumers are exposed daily to thousands of marketing communications.This proliferation of marketing communications not only has created unprecedented levels of perceived disorder; it also has led to heightened contempt for corporations by many consumers who actively seek to avoid marketing communications from any source. Modern marketing concept: An academic called Grnroos defined marketing as â€Å"to establish, maintain and enhance relationships with customers and other partners, at a profit, so that the objectives of parties involved are met. This is achieved by mutual exchange and fulfillment of promises. † By engaging with their customers marketing professionals are able to secure report business.Loyalty schemes are a device for building that loyalty within the retail and customer service sectors. Marketing professionals talk in terms of fulfillment, meaning fulfillment of their relationship with the customer. During the last two decades, while marketing professio nals were increasing their awareness of customer/ client relationships, society has become much more aware of ethical issues. Ethical issues are concerned with making appropriate responses to social situations. Failure to make the correct social response can expose a business to reputational issues, the unwelcome attention of political activists and legal sanctions.A modern business that is interested in developing long term relationships with their customers and other stakeholders has to take an interest in ethics. Ethical problems raised in modern marketing Not a few times, marketers are usually blamed for launching and promoting on the market, the low quality products to compete in certain segments of the market price. Also the complaints relate to a significant increase in the price (to preserve brand image, or to save profits encumbered by high costs of advertising campaigns). thus depriving clients with smaller financial possibilities of access to some products and services. A lso, marketing responsibility for handling consumer raises an important ethical problem, namely, if marketing and those working in the field can create needs and cause consumers to buy things that are really has no need. Another responsibility of marketing in direction of ethics is influencing the value system and the promotion of non-values. Products advertised are not always perfect, and the ads are not designed with original concept and do not reveal the reality of the product.Ethical issues in marketing are an important consideration for a modern business. First consider marketing, our understanding of what is required of a marketing professional has changed over the last decade. It used to be adequate to discuss product, promotion and price. A modern marketing professional is also expected to develop his/her relationship with the customer or client. TOP 5 ETHICS ISSUES IN MARKETING Every business relies on marketing to attract customers and to sell products or services. The pro blem is that marketing can sometimes promote products or services in unethical ways.What can businesses do to follow ethical standards in their marketing strategies? What are the top 5 ethical issues in marketing? 1. HONESTY The news of corporate scandals seems to be a daily occurrence. Consumers have lost trust in the integrity in many corporations because of the unethical and sometimes illegal behavior that seems to be embraced in the organizational culture of the corporation. Companies need to realize that company reputation is part of the honesty factor. People seek alternatives when they know a business engages in unethical practices.The claims of â€Å"sweat shop† assembly lines has forced more than one company to change its supply chain policies simply because of the damage to brand that resulted from unethical behavior. Another important facet of honesty is an accurate representation of the product. People want to know they are receiving the quality of product that wa s presented to them through marketing. Promises made should be promises honored. A return policy is a necessary component in fostering honesty in marketing. 2. FAIRNESS Fairness is the need to balance the interests of the company with the needs of the customers.That is, companies want to sell more products in order to increase profits. Fairness is conveyed in recognizing that customers want to feel they are engaging in a transaction that will result in them receiving something of value. Value is associated with the product and with the quality of customer service. Fairness is the company treating the customer in a business to consumer transaction the same way it would want to be treated in a business to business transaction. The long term benefit of fairness is customer loyalty. 3. RESPECT Customers want to know they are respected by the company.Respect means the company sees the value of stakeholders. Groups are not subjected to stereotypes and tolerance is demonstrated for the int erests and values of others. Respect means that feedback from stakeholders is welcomed and heard. The long term benefit of respect is the company positive association with company that should foster company and brand loyalty. 4. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILTIY Social responsibility is the recognition that a company must do no harm to individuals and the community. Companies incur a trust that they will operate in such a manner as to protect the welfare of the customer.Dangerous products or lapses in safety can quickly erode confidence and trust in a company. Companies have a responsibility to â€Å"give back† to the community. Part of this marketing strategy is to convey the idea that the company is a neighbor. The company cares about the quality of life of its â€Å"neighbors† in the community at large. One way to do this is by responding to the interests of non-customer stakeholders such as through supporting local education, sponsoring environmental awareness projects, and as sisting in community enrichment efforts. . TRANSPARENCY Transparency means the marketing strategy conveys honesty about the operations of the business. A company is practicing transparency when it admits to and corrects operational problems or areas of stakeholder concern. Transparency in marketing means the company is honest about a product’s limitations. The recall policy of the automobile industry is a great example of transparency. Car companies issue recall notices to acknowledge design or mechanical flaws in automobiles.Granted, failure to do so would bring down the wrath of the federal government as this would constitute a violation of national safety standards. When voluntary, the practice of recognizes weaknesses and then seeking to correct the problem conveys the company recognizes its commitment to the customer. The long term benefit is trust. CONCLUSION Marketing includes the promotion of a company rather than the promotion of a product or service. The above point ed five issues work together to create the marketing image of the company. Unethical behavior will destroy the reputation, the name and fame and ethical image of a company.

P1 describe the type of business, purpose and ownership of two contrasting businesses. Essay

P1 describe the type of business, purpose and ownership of two contrasting businesses. For this assignment I am going to select two businesses, one which will be local and not-for-profit organization and the second will be an international business and for profit. The two businesses I have chosen to use for this task are Asda Stores Ltd. and Welcare, Reigate. Type of Business: Asda Stores Limited, commonly known as ASDA, is the second largest retail store and a national public limited company. It is a profitable business and it is the subsidiary of American company Wal-Mart. It was founded in 1949. Furthermore as Asda is a profitable business it is also in the private sector. Welcare is a local charitable, non-profit organization. They earn no profit out of their work however do accept forms of donations and fundraisers. The charity was set up by a church over 100 years ago. It was originally founded in 1894. Furthermore as it a nonprofit business and is giving service it is in the public sector. Purpose of the business: A charity is a group of profitable people whose aim is to give a service and help those in need. Welcare charity provides services which include social work and family support, support groups and life skill workshops and also a children’s health clinic. They work to keep families together, and encourage parents to give their children a happier childhood. Asda is a retail supermarket and the purposed of Asda is to make profit and to supply goods to customers. It sells general merchandise such as food, drink, clothing and various other items. It also has services such as insurance, financial services and a mobile telephone network. Business Ownership and level of liability: Asda was founded by Associated Dairies & Farm Stores Limited in 1949. This is situated in Leeds. The company has limited liability, therefore any debts within the company are paid by shareholders investment and this means the owner wouldn’t have to sell their assets and belonging to pay the debt. Being a shareholding company you can freely sell shares, this is an easy way to have money contributed to the company. Welcare was founded in 1894, and was originally called The Diocesan Association for the Care of Friendless  Girls. This company has limited liability, this means any debt is paid for and the owners do not have to sell any assets.

buy custom The Competition essay

buy custom The Competition essay Our company faces stiff competition from various furniture houses in Boston, particularly Target, Wal-Mart, Bed and Bath, and Ikea. Despite the fact that the presence of these firms presents an obvious challenge to our company in terms of market share, it also reveals the presence of a large and strong unexploited market (Ereaut, Imms and Callingham 102). Nonetheless, our company intends to produce world-class furniture but at a competitive price. Competitor Profiles IKEA This is well established and internationally renowned home furnishing retailer. Recognized for its Scandinavian furniture style, IKEA has grown rapidly since it opened its doors for business in 1943. Strengths IKEA has a strong brand name that attracts a selective group of loyal customers. Moreover, it promises the same quality of products and services worldwide. Has a strong concept that is founded on providing a wide range of functional and well-designed products at low prices Has a recognized vision that aims at creating a better life for its customers Develops unique designs that are balance between quality, functionality, design and price Weaknesses Considering the size and scale of furniture business globally, IKEA finds it hard to control quality and standards. The need surging need for quality but low cost products poses a great challenge to this company. Poor communication with its other stakeholders and customers that results from the scale of business that the company operates Threats Just like other furniture store, IKEA is threatened by competitors New fashion, fads and culture Declining economies and frequent recessions Wal-Mart This is a retail store that sells a wide range f products, including furniture. Strengths Throughout the many years of operation, Wal-Mart has been able to develop a loyal employee and customer base. They sell by opening new branches in areas and countries that are often ignored by its competitors Provide its employees with flexible working hours, discounts for their purchase, health insurance and competitive wages Great pricing for its products Weaknesses For the company to keep and maintain their competitive prices, they have to buy stock in large quantities The company tends to keep more part time employees as compared to full time employees Synonymous of carrying and maintaining large inventories Trades in products from other nations with unfair labor laws Threats The impending unionization of its employees will a major impact throughout the company Current economic crises and inflation The rapid growth of warehouse retailers like Costco and our company Bed Bath and Beyond This is a company that deals with home furnishing and domestic merchandizing. This firm operates only in the United States. Strengths Diversified product range Market leadership Strong returns Weaknesses Stringiest legal proceeding in the U.S Geographic concentration Threats Slowdown in the countrys economy High interest rates in America Intense competition from established customers Competitive strategy Considering that RoomStyle is new in this market, our competitors are better than us in brand names because of the many yearss of conducting business. Therefore, in order to compete favorably, our company will employ three key strategies to create a competitive edge over the above competitors; Product quality, identity, and novelty Excellent sale attitude and high employee motivation Aggressive and innovative service options Employee education and training Each and every employee will be educated and trained not only in their fields of specialization, but also in the application and philosophy of the companys culture. Moreover, employees shall be receiving extensive information from the manager and be informed on the progress of the firm. Emphasis is being put on the extensive research into the integrity and quality of our service delivery. The companys systems and controls will be constantly tested to ascertain their high standards in serving the interests of the customers (Ereaut, Imms and Callingham(Ereaut, Imms and Callingham, 200 200). Inventory control and service costs will be monitored by the companys computer system and checked on a daily basis by management. Our strengths Unlike our competitors, RoomStyle will market its products to a specific market segment that is comprised of students and young urban professionals As compared to our competitors, our company is small in size, therefore it will be easy to run and maintain With our store-within-store initiative, we intend to establish a strong customer base Provision of a wide range of quality products at a competitive price Our threats Turbulent economic times that makes our operations difficult Well established competitors like Wal-Mart, Bed Bath and IKEA. However, we shall deal with these powerhouses by aggressively marketing our products to our target markets. High interest rates in America will affect our operation because we are a new company in the flooded furniture market. Buy custom The Competition essay

Famous Last Words Kings, Queens, & Members of Royalty

Famous Last Words Kings, Queens, & Members of Royalty Whether realized at the time they are said or only in hindsight, nearly everyone will express a word, phrase or sentence that proves the last thing he or she ever says while alive. Sometimes profound, sometimes every day, here you will find a select collection of the last words spoken by famous kings, queens, rulers and other crowned heads throughout history. Famous Last Words Organized Alphabetically Alexander III, King of Macedon(356-323 B.C.)Kratistos! Latin for mightiest, strongest, or best, this was Alexander the Greats deathbed response when asked whom he would name as his successor, i.e., Whoever is the mightiest! Charlemagne, Emperor, Holy Roman Empire(742-814)Lord, into Thy Hands I commend my spirit. Charles XII, King of Sweden(1682-1718)Do not be afraid. Diana, Princess of Wales(1961-1997)Unknown Despite numerous sources quoting the dying words of the Peoples Princess - such as My God, what happened? or Oh, My God, leave me alone - no reliable source exists concerning Princess Dianas final utterance before she lapsed into unconsciousness following a car crash in Paris, France, on August 31, 1997. Edward VIII, King of the United Kingdom(1894-1972)Mama... Mama... Mama... Serving as king of Great Britain and Northern Ireland for less than 12 months, King Edward VIII officially abdicated the royal throne on December 10, 1936, so he could marry American divorcà ©e Wallis Simpson. The couple stayed together until Edwards death in 1972. Elizabeth I, Queen of England(1533-1603)All my possessions for a moment of time. George III, King of Great Britain and Ireland(1738-1820)Do not wet my lips but when I open my mouth. I thank you... it does me good. Despite the formal separation of the American colonies from Great Britain in 1776 and his countrys later formal acknowledgment of the United States of America as an independent country six years later, this English monarch nevertheless ruled until his death, a reign of more than 59 years. Henry V, King of England(1387-1422)Into Thy hands, O Lord. Henry VIII, King of England(1491-1547)Monks, monks, monks! Immortalized in numerous books and films, the oft-married Tudor king famous for severing all ties with the Roman Catholic Church so he could legitimately marry another woman was likely referring to the troubles he encountered after dissolving Englands Catholic monasteries and convents in 1536. John, King of England(1167-1216)To God and St. Wulfstan, I commend my body and soul. Despite his fame in the Robin Hood legends as the evil prince who oppressed the English people while conspiring to steal the throne from his brother, King Richard I The Lion Hearted, King John also signed Magna Carta in 1215, albeit reluctantly. This historic document guaranteed several basic rights for Englands citizens and established the idea that everyone, even kings, is not above the law. Marie Antoinette, Queen of France(1755-1793)Pardonnez-moi, Monsieur. French for Excuse/forgive me, Sir, the doomed queen apologized to her executioner after stepping on his foot on her way to the guillotine. Napoleon Bonaparte(1769-1821)France... Army... head of the army... Josephine... Nero, Emperor of Rome(37-68)Sero! Haec est fides! Often depicted in film as playing a fiddle while Rome burned down around him, the tyrannical Nero actually committed suicide (although perhaps with the assistance of someone else). As he lay bleeding to death, Nero uttered the Latin for Too Late! This is faith/fidelity! probably in response to a soldier who tried to staunch the emperors bleeding in order to keep him alive. Peter I, Tsar of Russia(1672-1725)Anna. Peter the Great called out his daughters name before losing consciousness and eventually dying. Richard I, King of England(1157-1199)Youth, I forgive thee. Loose his chains and give him 100 shillings. Mortally wounded by an archers arrow during battle, Richard the Lion Hearted nevertheless forgave the shooter and ordered his release before he died. Unfortunately, Richards men failed to honor their fallen kings wish and executed the archer anyway after their sovereigns death. Richard III, King of England(1452-1485)I will die king of England. I will not budge a foot. Treason! Treason! These words feel somewhat less dramatic than Shakespeare later attributed to the king in his play The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. Robert I, King of the Scots(1274-1329)Thanks be to God! For I shall now die in peace, since I know that the most valiant and accomplished knight of my kingdom will perform that for me which I am unable to do for myself. The deed to with The Bruce referred while dying involved the removal of his heart so a knight could carry it to Jerusalems Holy Sepulchre, the burial site of Jesus according to religious belief. Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom(1819-1901)Bertie. The long-reigning queen for whom an entire era is named, and who started the tradition of wearing black at funerals, called out to her eldest son by his nickname shortly before she died.

Australian adversarial criminal justice system Essay

Australian adversarial criminal justice system - Essay Example Just as humans are likely to commit errors of judgment, the criminal justice system, run by humans is likely to suffer such errors in judgment. These errors of judgment translate to guilty criminals going unpunished or being unapprehended, and to innocent individuals being sent to jail for crimes they did not commit. The terms â€Å"getting off on a technicality† are terms heard often enough when the legal provisions of the criminal justice system serve to protect the rights of all individuals, even those who are guilty. And yet these provisions are in place to protect the rights of the innocent and to afford due process of law. For which reason, most people remark and are resigned to the fact that when all is said and done the criminal justice system is about as fair and effective as we can reasonably expect. It is a statement which speaks of the need to â€Å"make do† because things â€Å"could have been worse.† It is important however to evaluate the differenc e and decide where the above statement indeed deserves the people’s resigned acceptance. This paper shall now consider the above statement and its merits in the actual criminal justice system. It shall consider the viability of the statement while assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the current Australian criminal justice system. ... The best argument in this adversarial system is used to decide on the case. The parties have control over their case and the presentation of evidence in their favour. They also have freedom to use legal representation if they so desire (Stacy, 1999). The parties also decide if there is a need for a jury in a civil case. The judge’s role in this adversarial system is to ensure that the case proceedings are impartial and fair. He has to make his decision based on his independent decision and he must oversee the proceedings in order to ensure that the rules of court are followed. In effect, while a jury rules over issues of fact, the judge decides over issues of law (Victoria University, n.d). In this adversarial system, there is a need to secure the rules of evidence and procedure. Each court has its rules which are meant to ensure fair and equal treatment of adversarial parties. It also ensures that the jury is not distracted by unnecessary materials and evidence; that unreliab le and unfairly obtained evidence is not admitted in the court proceedings; and that evidence which is purely of character nature is not allowed to be entered in evidence (Victoria University, n.d). This adversarial system protects the strict rules of evidence and procedure where hearsay evidence, irrelevant evidence, opinion evidence, evidence illegally obtained, and prior convictions, as well as evidence reflecting bad character is not admissible in evidence (Victoria University, n.d). In this system, the burden of proof lies with the plaintiff or the party initiating the case. It requires proof beyond reasonable doubt for criminal cases, and balance of probabilities for civil cases

Efficient Market Hypothesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Efficient Market Hypothesis - Essay Example The efficient market theory assumes that there are no transaction costs, money market is not segmented and it is easy to enter the money markets. Efficient market hypothesis is explained in three ways. First, there is weak form efficiency. Weak form efficiency stipulates that all past information that is available in public domain is a reflection of stock prices. The prices are considered unbiased and best estimation of security value. It presumes that it is impossible to predict future prices using past information through technical analysis (Pompian, 2006). Therefore, an investor cannot use technical analysis to predict future prices that are likely to give excess profits (returns). Secondly, there is Semi-strong form efficiency. This form of efficiency stipulates that all publicly available information reflects prices of stock. It further states that prices adjust instantly as new information is made available. Fundamental analysis cannot be relied upon to generate excess returns to the investor. Thirdly, there is strong form efficiency. According to this form of efficiency, prices are reflected by both private (insider) and public information. This means that all investors irrespective of whether they have insider information or not, make equal profits on their investments. It further assumes that insider trading laws are usually enforced. This means that uninformed investors who purchase a diversified portfolio are likely to make same profits as those made by industry experts. Efficient market hypothesis is associated with ‘random walk’. Therefore, if information flow is not hampered and travels immediately in any investment especially stock pricing, the current price reflects current news (Boatright, 2010). Therefore, current prices depend on current news and not yesterday’s news. However, news is usually unpredictable and thus price changes of investments are also likely to be unpredictable and random. According to the efficient marke t hypothesis, news spread quickly and new information is quickly incorporated into the prices of investment in stocks without delay. This shows that there is no need for technical analysis from past price movements to predict movement of prices. Lee (2009) explained that efficient market hypothesis presumes that large number of profit maximizing investors exists. It also provides that new information must enter the market randomly and independently over time. Efficient market hypothesis has been challenged by economists who believe that there are psychological and behavioral factors that predict returns on investment. According to Malkiel (2003), the new breed of financial economists believes that prices are wholly or partially predictable based on behavioral patterns of individual investors and fundamental valuation metrics. They also argued that predictability of future stock prices enable investors to earn excess profits on their investments. A number of economists, statisticians and other experts have stated that Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) is to blame for the global financial crisis that occurred in 2007-2010. This is because of a number of reasons advanced by number of people. First, according to Jeremy Grantham, people had a lot of faith in efficient market hypothesis. This made them to throw caution in the air and underestimate the risk of assets bubbles because they believed that asset market was able to adjust itself accordingly (Nocera, 2009). The investors,

Snow Days on Campus Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Snow Days on Campus - Article Example I gathered a number of opinions on the impact of snow days in college. Albert, a student at the college, states that days enable them to have more time to spend in bed and watch Television and movies online. He also added that the day off released them from the busy class schedules hence allowing them to relax their minds. Additionally, Fred a student also confirms that on this day, they spend much time ice skating. As a result, students seem to enjoy on these days because they do not attend school and also at home they do not cover up for the time lost. Monica, a worker in the College, claims that snow days actually affect their working schedule because they have to use a lot of time clearing the ice, more so during cold days when the ice melts slowly. She adds that there pay is also affected when they miss working for more than two days as a result of snowing. For that reason, the workers, therefore, suffer during these days more so when it prolongs. Felix, a professor at the College, argues that the snow day deprives the time needed to cover the syllabus comprehensively. This is because one cannot make up for the time lost. Hence, this makes them give students too much information within a short period thus degrading the quality of education. He further argues that most of the concepts taught in college need some concentration and time which when not provided makes it harder for the students to comprehend. Professor Kathleen, who also teaches in the College, comments that she has had a rough time during the snow. She says snow days happening in early semesters cause students to miss the night classes that is a problem since students cannot be told to study by themselves. Since new materials need class time to be processed. She also points out that the school calendar is affected by the snow days.  Ã‚  

Personal Development Portfolio (PDP) for Education Studies

Personal Development Portfolio (PDP) for Education Studies This report aim is to develop and produced a Personal Development Portfolio (PDP). The Higher Education Academy (2010) defines PDP as a structured and supported process undertaken by an individual to reflect upon their own learning, performance and/or achievement and to plan for their personal, educational and career development. PDP group learning approaches, doing, recording, ideas, experiences, reflection and planning of goals to be achieved. It will help to understand and improve performance, identify qualities, skills and attributes and help to achieve these goals. 2.0 My profile I will now give a brief description of myself. I was born on the 20 February 1987 at 00.00 sharp. The doctor didnt know which date to insert on the birth certificate. However after consulting my parents, they decided to put my birth date on the 21 February 1987. I am a citizen on Mauritius a small tropical island in the Indian Ocean. My family consists of my father, mother, brother and sister. I am actually 23 years old. I did my O Level and A Level in 2004 and 2006 respectively. Furthermore, I started working as sales representation and promoted as sales executive after one year. In September 2007 I joined EIILM University for my degree program. I did my degree course in Bachelor in Business Administration and was graduated in July 2010. Please find attached my academic CV in the appendix 1. Mean while 2007- 2010, I have learned and experience many things. I have created my own event company in 2009 and went to different institution for training as internship. Finally after being graduated, I decided to join University of Hertfordshire for an Msc Management Program. The aim for doing the Masters program is to increase in maturity, learn new culture and extend my knowledge. My aim in life is to become a successful businessman and to have a big family. I did a personality test(2010) to understand what kind of personality suit me and results are: (SEE APPENDIX 2) Furthermore, to better understand my personality I decided to undertake various test such as learning style, leadership style, motivator test. Strength and weakness My strength are good communication skills, computer wizard, versatile, able to cope under pressure, can take quick decision. I work well in group and I am a good listener. I am punctual and am a good coordinator. I can convince people easily and put pressure on people where needed. I can adapt to change easily. My weaknesses are: I am very stubborn and I never leave a job without finishing it. I am sometimes short temper when people argue on wrong issue. I am usually a practical type of person and does not use the theory part in general. I generally get bored easily with repetitive or routine work. 3.0 Theories 3.1 Learning style Kolb (1985) in Mullins L.J. (2007) identifies a 4 learning style: Accommodative: strong preference for concrete experience and active experimentation. Divergent: Preference for a concrete experiences, but to reflect on these from different perspectives. Assimilative: prefers to swing between reflection and conceptualization and will use inductive reasoning to develop new theory. Convergent: Prefers to apply ideas, will take an idea and test it out in practice However, Fleming J. (2001) in Pritchard A. (2008) argued that there are four learning styles how people collect information: Visual: This kind of learners tends to learn by seeing things. Ex. Charts, graphs, diagrams, arrows, symbols, etc. Auditory: This type of learners prefers to learn by listening through lectures, tutorials, group discussions, etc. Reading: This type of learners prefer to learn through reading books, novels, magazines, newspapers, articles, etc. Kinesthetic: This kind of learners prefers to learn by practically doing things. They very good at remembering things and physical experiencing with memory. Moreover, Honey and Mumford in Marchington M and al. (2008) develop a similar learning style. They are classified as: Activists: learn best by active involvement in concrete tasks, and from relatively short tasks. Reflectors: learn best by reviewing and reflecting upon what has happened in certain situations (stand back, listen and observe) Theorists: learn best when new information can be located within the context of concepts and theories. Pragmatists: learn best when they see a link between new information and real-life problems and issues and put it into practice. Kolb (1985) model, Fleming J. (2001) model and Honey and Mumford learning model shows basically the same. Each one of them has a different way of interpreting the 4 types of learning style. I have done two learning style test which is the VARK learning questionnaire and the Honey and Mumford learning questionnaire. The results of both are illustrated below: Scores for VARK learning model questionnaire (2010) were: Visual: 3 Aural: 6 Read/Write: 4 Kinesthetic:5 (SEE APPENDIX 2A) Honey and Mumford learning model questionnaire (2010) score are: Activists: 2 Reflectors: 10 Theorists: 5 Pragmatists: 7 (SEE APPENDIX 2B) Both test proven that I am an aural and reflectors. It shows that I learn better by listening, experiencing things and thinking well. I always learn better by listening and processing it in my memory rather than reading or watching things. My past experience showed me that I am a Reflector because I think well before taking any decision. In the past I was not taking much time in thinking well before doing something, but with time I have developed a more reflector approach. This is because with experience people learn from their errors and improve them to be more productive and effective. Sir Winston Churchill (1965) said that Success is the ability to go from failure to failure without losing your enthusiasm. I have taken many good decisions in my life and these decisions were taken after having well thought and gather information. Examples are creating my own event company, joining University of Hertfordshire, choosing management field and my day to day activities. However, I would have liked to be a pragmatist because it is important to link out the theories with real life. I need to improve more on the pragmatist part to become a more successful person in the future. 3.2 Leadership style Leadership style is the approach used and way of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. Lewin K. and al. (1939) identifies 3 different styles of leadership. Authoritarian or autocratic Participative or democratic Delegative or Free Reign Normally good leaders use a combination of the two or three styles, and bad leaders tend to stick with one style only. Essortment (2010) indicate 4 types of leadership style: Autocratic: manager retains as much power and decision-making authority as possible. It is a one way communication. Bureaucratic: manager manages by the book. Everything must be done according to procedure or policy. Democratic: is also called the participative style. It encourages employees to be a part of the decision making and work as a team. Laissez-faire: manager provides little or no direction and gives employees as much freedom as possible. Essortment (2010) and Lewin K. and al. (1939) identified mostly the same type of leadership style. Many other authors came out with similar leadership style and they have simplified it. I took a Quiz Whats Your Leadership Style (2010). The result of the quiz shows that my leadership style was a mixture of Authoritarian and Participative (SEE APPENDIX 3). Normally in life, I use more of participative leadership style. Tuckman B.W (1965) in Mullins (2007) defines group as the interactions within and between groups and the stable arrangement that results from them.This is because I believe in work in group and two way communications give better ideas and solution. I also use authoritarian leadership style not too often. Due to circumstances I have to adapt myself and use autocratic leadership style. Normally I use autocratic leadership style with Theory X people. McGregor (1957) in Beardwell I. and al (2004) indicate than Theory X people are people that has an inherent dislike of work and are very lazy to work on their own whereas Theory Y people physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. So I must make use of power to be able to make the Theory X people to work and form part of the group. 3.3 Motivators Hertberg (1950) in Davis, K. (1981) developed a motivational model and called it as two-factor model. It consists of: Maintenance factors: It includes work itself achievement, possibility of growth, responsibility, recognition. Motivational factors: It includes status, peer relations, relations with subordinates, relation with supervisors, quality of supervision, company policy and administration, job security, working conditions, pay, bonus and salaries. Another guru in theories of motivation is Abram Maslow. Maslow A. (1943) came up with a hierarchy of 5 level needs. Maslow A. says that people are motivated according to their needs. As people are always greedy in life, when they achieve physiological needs they will not be motivated by same reward. They will focus on the next level to safety needs and so on. I have undertaken a motivational behavior test (2010) and the results are as follows: (SEE APPENDIX 4) Actually I am a very motivated person. When I start something, I like to finish it for a self satisfaction. I sometimes have a strong drive for completing important tasks, but I will often not be driven if I do not feel the task is important enough. I am somewhat motivated by the possibility of a reward for completing a task. I like the sound of a reward (such as a promotion or winning a bet) but it only moderately helps me to focus on a task and get it done. I am motivated to avoid things that I dont like. 3.4 Myers Briggs type indicator The MBTI was developed by Isabel Briggs-Myers (1897 1979) and her mother Katherine Cook-Briggs. The teambuilding company (2010) says that MBTI is a mean to raise awareness and increase understanding of yourself and others in your team and to value the differences between you. At the end of the workshop you will write a personal action plan which will contribute to you and your teams development. In MBTI there are four polar extremes: Extrovert to Introvert (E to I) Sensation to Intuition (S to N) Thinking to Feeling (T to F) Judging to Perceiving (J to P) I undertaken the Myers Briggs Test and my result is as follows: Myers Briggs Test (2010) Results Extroverted (E) 58.82% Introverted (I) 41.18% Sensing (S) 67.74% Intuitive (N) 32.26% Thinking (T) 62.16% Feeling (F) 37.84% Judging (J) 64.71% Perceiving (P) 35.29% (SEE APPENDIX 5) My type is: ESTJ. This indicates that I am an Extroverted, Sensing, Thinking and judging person in life. Before taking a decision, I will gather as much information needed and think well based on actual figures. This will help to be more successful. In the past I have think well before choosing the management field. Ive chosen management field because business will search continuously for the best businessman to run its business. As I have created my own company and wish to be a very famous businessman in life, I have chosen the management field which will help me in improving my knowledge and experience. 3.5 Johari Window Luft J. et al (1970) in West, R. Turner, L.H. (2008) came up with a model named Johari Window. It helps to understand how known you are to yourself and others. There are four components in the window: Open self / Arena: It includes the behavior known by others and self. Hidden self / Facade: It includes the behavior known by self only. Blind self / Blind spot: It includes the behavior unknown by self and known by others. Unknown self: It includes the behavior neither known by self nor by others. I have taken the Johari window test and the results proven that I am a hidden self and mostly unknown self. It shows that people and I dont know about my behavior. This helps me work effectively in group and help to create a positive and friendly atmosphere. 3.6 Belbins team role Team building (2010) explains that: The team roles identified by Belbin are based on certain patterns of behavior that people exhibit within teams. These patterns of behavior can potentially have an impact on the performance of the team. There are nine team roles in Belbins model: Action Oriented Role: Implementer Turn ideas into action Shaper It is a goal directed person. The shaper dynamic like challenges and is courageous Completer/Finisher This strengths are meticulousness, attention to detail and the ability to meet deadlines. People Skills Oriented Role: Coordinator It enables and facilitates interaction and decision making. Team worker It is a good listener, being collaborative, co-operative, easy going and tactful. Resource Investigator It is an enthusiastic explores. Cerebral/Intellectual Role: Planter Its strength is in problem solving and out-of-the-box thinking. Monitor/Evaluator It is a good judgment and good strategic thinking ability. Specialist It is a single minded person and has a specific skill. I have undertaken the test of 123test (2010) of Belbin team role (2010) and my results are as follows: (SEE APPENDIX 6) The test shows that I have nine team roles are the Executive, Explorer, Innovator, Analyst, Driver, Chairman, Completer, Team player and Expert. 4.0 Conclusion Finally to conclude my PDP, I will prepare a SMART action plan for my future. SMART stands for: S Specific M Measurable A Achievable R Relevant T Timely I want to work either in a European countries or USA for 4- 5 years before going back to my country. The aim behind this is to enhance my knowledge and experience. I also want to do another Masters in accounting. This is because to be able to manage a company well, I will need to understand in dept all the cost and revenue of the company. Moreover, I would like to meet famous and successful businessman in the world and attend some of their talk so as to increase my experience. Based on the different personality test (motivators, leadership style, learning style, Johari window etc) completed, I would like to use the critics to improve myself in the future. Johari window will help me lots in the future because there are personality type in me which I havent develop and seen yet. Leadership style test also will help me. I will become a manager in the future, to be a successful one mean to adapt to situation. I will need to learn more how to use all the types of leadership style. 5.0 References: Essortment (2010) Style of leadership Available from [http://www.essortment.com/all/leadershipstyle_rrnq.htm] [Accessed 28/12/2010] Fleming J. (2001) Leadership Styles in Pritchard, A. (2008). Ways of Learning: Learning theories Learning Styles in the Classroom. 2nd edition. London: David Fulton Publishers. Hertzberg. (1950). Hertzbergs Two factor Model in Davis, K. (1981). Human Behavior at Work Organization Behavior. 6th edition. London: McGrawHill, Inc. Honey and Mumford Learning style in Marchington M. and Wilkinson A. (2008) Human Resource Management at work 4th Edition Devon: Short Run Press Honey and Mumford learning questionnaire (2010) Learning style test Available from [http://www.rapidbi.com/created/learningstyles.html] [Accessed 28/12/2010] Kolb (1985) Learning styles in Mullins, L.J. (2007). Management and organisational behaviour. 8th Edn Harlow: Pearson Education Lewin, K., LIippit, R. and White, R. K. (1939). Patterns of aggressive behavior in experimentally created social climates. Journal of Social Psychology, 10, 271-301 Luft, J. Ingham, H. (1970). The Johari Window in West, R. Turner, L.H. (2008). Understanding Interpersonal Communication: Making Choice in Changing Times. 2nd edition. Boston: Cengage Learning, Inc. Maslow A. (1943) Hierarchy of motivation needs Available from: [http://www.abraham-maslow.com/m_motivation/Hierarchy_of_Needs.asp] [Accessed 30/12/2010] McGregor (1957) Theory X and Y in Beardwell I., Holden L and Claydon T. (2004) Human Resource Management, A contemporary Approach 4th Edn Harlow: Pearson Education Motivational behavior test (2010) Available from: [http://www.learnmyself.com/personality.asp?p=Quick_Testpg=2u=MBx2x557627-29345x59eF5x1] [Accessed 29/12/2010] Myers Briggs Type Indicator test Personality test Available from: [http://sminds.com/cgi-bin/mbti.pl] [Accessed 03/01/2011] Personality Test (2010) Available from: [http://www.learnmyself.com/personality.asp?p=Quick_Testi=PIsh=y] [Accessed 03/01/2011] Quiz Whats you leadership style (2010) Available from: [http://psychology.about.com/library/quiz/bl-leadershipquiz.htm] [Accessed 04/01/2011] Sir Winston Churchill (1965) Failure and Success Quotes Available from: [ http://www.inspirationalspark.com/failure-quotes.html] [Accessed 03/01/2011] Team building (2010) Belbin Team Roles Available from: [http://www.teambuildingportal.com/articles/systems/belbin-team-roles] [Accessed 05/01/2011] The Higher Education Academy (2010) Personal Development Planning Available from: [http://www.heacademy.ac.uk/ourwork/teachingandlearning/pdp] [Accessed 05/01/2011] The teambuilding company (2010) Myers Briggs Type Indicator MBTI Available from: [http://www.teambuilding.co.uk/myers-briggs-mbti-team-theory.html] [Accessed 04/01/2011] Tuckman (1965) in Mullins, L.J. (2007). Management and organisational behaviour. 8th Edition Harlow: Pearson Education VARK test (2010) Learning style test Available from: [http://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnaire] [Accessed 28/12/2010] 123test (2010) Belbin team role test (2010) Available from: [ http://www.123test.com/team-roles-test/][Accessed 28/12/2010]